Here are today’s most important updates from the realm of Science and Space.
The contender for the largest known structure in the universe, the Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall (or Great Wall), might be even larger than scientists had previously thought. As per a new study, the Great Wall, which is located 10 billion light-years from Earth, could be as large as 15 billion light-years in size, up from the previous estimate of 10 billion light-years long. By analysing the gamma-ray bursts that are produced during extreme cosmic events such as the collapse of a supernova, the birth of a black hole, or the collision of two neutron stars, scientists managed to figure out the new length of the Great Wall.
Astronomers have discovered that super-Earth exoplanets are more common across the universe than previously thought. While it can be relatively easy to locate worlds that orbit close to their star, planets with wider paths can be difficult to detect. Using the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet), an international team of researchers has discovered that super-Earth exoplanets are more common across the universe than previously thought, according to a new study. Researchers further estimated that for every three stars, there should be at least one super-Earth present with a Jupiter-like orbital period, suggesting these massive worlds are extremely prevalent across the universe.
A new study found a correlation between higher percentages of body fat, particularly in the legs, gynoid region, and head, and increased symptoms of depression. This connection was more pronounced in men and individuals classified as underweight or overweight, suggesting that the distribution of body fat may play a role in mental well-being. The findings are particularly relevant given the rising rates of anxiety and obesity, highlighting the importance of understanding the underlying biological processes. The research team discovered that psychological stress, which triggers the fight or flight response, initiates a process called lipolysis in fat cells. This process leads to the release of fats, which in turn stimulate the release of a hormone called GDF15 from immune cells found in the fat tissue. GDF15 then communicates with the brain, resulting in anxiety.
Researchers have discovered a possible connection between popular weight loss medications, such as Ozempic and Wegovy, and brain changes that may lead to depression. These medications, known as GLP-1 drugs, mimic a natural hormone that regulates blood sugar and appetite. However, studies suggest they may also affect parts of the brain related to dopamine, a chemical linked to feelings of pleasure and reward. According to the research, GLP-1 drugs may disrupt dopamine levels, potentially leading to depression in individuals with low dopamine function. While these medications show promise in treating obesity and diabetes, further investigation is needed to understand their potential impact on mental health.
